The Pros And Cons Of Homeschooling - 1331 Words

Page 1 of 3 ZOOM Badr AlmutawaProfessor SpollenEnglish I24 July 2017Homeschooling: A Reasonable AlternativeHomeschooling is becoming an increasingly attractive alternative to other forms of schooling such as at public or private schools. homeschooling does seem to gain opponents from time to time and they might have good points. However, this movement has rendered satisfactory results and should continue to be legal and should be respected and aided by educators and the legal system. Home schooling produces students that are learning as much or even more than other students, and are well socialized and stable, who can get a college education and who are better citizens than those who graduate from other†¦show more content†¦Another homeschooler won a $50,000 scholarship and an Intel Foundation Young Scientists award. Third, the Scripps National Spelling Bee winner won it for the fourth time and was a homeschooled student (Green and Green 25). They have also à ¢Ã‚â‚ ¬Ã‚€between 2000 and 2005 improved their record with the National Merit Scholarships. They went from 137 semifinalists to 250 semifinalistsà ¢Ã‚€Â€(Lyman 11). These accomplishments added to the fact that they do just as well or better than public school students support the idea that they are not being denied a good education. Minority groups such as African Americans are benefiting from the homeschool movement. There is a significant increase in homeschooling among this group because there is a gap in achievement between blacks and whites. In traditional schools,blacks are doing very poorly and the parents are trying to find alternatives and so far, home schooling is become their workablealternative (GaitherFurther, to add to their successes, they are getting a good enough education that they are admitted to colleges and universities (Drenovsky 24). They are being admitted to colleges and claim that they can speak and write clearly and they can also th ink critically (Drenovsky 23). Once in college, they do well and have high grade point averages (Greene and Greene 25). For example, when homeschooled studentsShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Homeschooling1383 Words   |  6 PagesHomeschooling is a phenomenon that has been there for a long time where parents pass knowledge and skills learned from a long times experience to the younger generations. This practice equipped the younger generations with skills that they would use in their lives guaranteeing their success in life. Since the time that this method began, many things have changed in different aspects involving education and social setting as well. It is a time that the homeschooling practice is re-evaluated sitingRead MorePros And Cons Of Homeschooling1126 Words   |  5 Pagesother kid from public school, they could all do well if they studied hard enough and put in the work. Isabel also stated â€Å"Homeschooling is becoming more popular every day, with a growth rate of 7 to 15 percent per year. There are about two million children currently learning at home† Also said by a research by National Home Education Research Institute (NHERI) in 2010, homeschooling is growing at a rate of 2-8% every year making it the fastest among different forms of education. This may seem like aRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Homeschooling1182 Words   |  5 PagesHomeschooling has long been an alternate method for parents to educate their children. Homeschooling is a method where a child is being schooled at home by their parents, relatives or private tutors to educate their children from pre-k to 12th grade. Basically their whole childhood to their early adulthood. Homeschooling should be avoided by parents because it can cause their children to have a difficult time integrating into society because they have extremely limited interaction with their ownRead More Homeschooling Pros and Cons Essay1009 Words   |  5 PagesHomeschooling Pros and Cons Homeschooling is a rising alternative in children’s education. As with any other major movement there have been doubts and debates as well as support and promotion for this educational approach. Homeschooling was once the norm in society before there was a public school system. But the parents involved in homeschooling feel very strongly about the positive outcomes that it has brought about in the lives and success of their children. It has once again surfaced and becomeRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Homeschooling1022 Words   |  5 PagesWhile homeschooling is legal in all 50 states, federal courts have not settled the issue of whether homeschooling should be considered a fundamental right. This means that in the future, an anti-homeschooling state legislature could take away the ability to homeschool. To protect itself against efforts to suppress the homeschooling movement, Raley suggests that the homeschooling movement seeks to have homeschooling recognized as a fundamental right under the Fourteenth Amendment. If homeschoolingRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Homeschoolg And Homeschooling773 Words   |  4 Pagesfor success and improvement. Two controversial forms of education are public schooling and homeschooling. Though public schooling is beneficial, homeschooling has proven itself to be better in almost every area, including productivity, socialization, testing, cost, and flexibility. While in public school students are required to stay for countless hours, having no say in the curriculum. In homeschooling students have a flexible schedule; they can spend as much time as they want on subjects. Read MoreHomeschooling in the United States: Types, Pros and Cons Essay1988 Words   |  8 PagesIs Homeschooling A Good Educational System? Once a parent has child that is old enough to start school, the parent has to think about if they want to enroll their child in public school or homeschool them. Today, many parents are homeschooling their children. A U.S. Department of Education’s report shows that approximately 1.5 million children were being homeschooled in 2007 (Lips amp; Feinberg, 2008). This is almost 3 percent of all school age children (Lips amp; Feinberg, 2008). A privateRead MoreEssay On Homeschooling907 Words   |  4 PagesHomeschooling Many families are taking their children out of public and private school’s classroom to move the classroom to their homes. In both articles, the parents have different reasons for why they are choosing to homeschool instead of keeping their children in public or private schools. Homeschooling is not for everyone and cannot be taken lightly. There are many different reasons why families would rather homeschool instead of sending their children to public schools. According to parentsRead MoreWhy I Homeschool : The Answers Change Almost As Fast As My Kids1084 Words   |  5 Pagesor so she thought. Amy Thornton–Kelly explains the many reasons why homeschooling is the best decision she has made. First, she explains that once her husband and her considered homeschooling â€Å"the floodgates opened† to the many benefits of homeschooling. It alleviates stress, allows her kids to learn in a healthier environment and allows her to teach her kids in a more profound way. Second, Thornton-Kelly states that homeschooling allows her kids to better master subjects, unlike in public schoolsRead MoreThe Effects Of Homeschooling On Children And Public Schools895 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Homeschooling is becoming much more common now than it was years ago. Parents are now preferring to homeschool their children over public school due to many reasons such as religion, safety, academic quality travel, family togetherness, separation of government and school, mastery over grades, expenses, and focusing on learning plans made for the student. Public schools are institutions, which are funded by tax revenues from the government. Schools have boundaries to then figure

Wilma Mankiller - 2536 Words

Wilma Mankiller was born November 18, 1945 in Oklahoma but later relocated due to the Bureau of Indian Affairs’ Indian Relocation Program of the 1950’s. Because the relocation program failed to keep promises it made to Native Americans, Wilma became an activist fighting for the rights of Native Americans (Wallis). Wilma Mankiller was the first female elected Deputy Chief and later became the first female in modern history to lead a major Native American tribe by becoming the first Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma in 1987. With an enrolled population of over 140,000 members and an annual budget of more than $75 million, her accomplishment is equal to that of a chief executive office of a major corporation (Yannuzzie).†¦show more content†¦Across cultures and throughout history, women have experienced ongoing systemic oppression; and they have responded with progressive movements of protest and creative alternatives. Harriet Tubman in the fight against slavery: Fannie Lou Hamer for voting rights: Ella Baker and Mary White Ovington in the civil rights movement: Rosa Luxemburg in the German socialist movement: Winnie Mandela in the anti-apartheid movement: Puerto Rican independence leader and poet Lolita Lebron: and American Indian movement activists Anna Mae Aquash, Ingrid Washinawatok, and Winona LaDuke (Mink and Navarro). Women have pioneered in movements for labor rights, prison reform, reproductive rights and health, education, affordable housing, affirmative action and equal rights, human rights, and environmental safety. These women’s leadership styles span a range from soft to harsh, from wielding individual, hierarchical power to possessing a commitment to collectivism, and from identifying as â€Å"woman as caretaker of life† to woman as requiring and utilizing equal power to man. There is no one characteristic that applies to all women as social change leaders (Hurtado). In the United States and the majority of other countries, a woman has never been president: men still dominate the economy. These factual sociological, economic and political conditions have a direct impact on what projects women organize and lead. There are those who are known publicly, who have written,Show MoreRelatedThe Influence Of Social Change On My Life1721 Words   |  7 Pages When looking on the outside Wilma Mankiller and I seem to be nothing but a blur of different skin color, struggles, and livelihoods. Once you put on the sociological glasses though, the picture begins to clear and we seem more alike than when you were blind. You begin to sharpen in on our similarities of social changes, gender problems and how the world perceives us, and our out-of-the-home identities we struggle to hold. Through multiple sociological concepts a chief and a student are able to seemRead MoreEssay about Analysis Gender Equality and Gender Discrimination913 Words   |  4 Pages(Rousseau) â€Å"Nontraditional Jobs† Wilma Mankiller, Gwendolyn Mink, Marysa Navarro, Barbara Smith, and Gloria Steinem, eds. THE READERS COMPANION TO U.S. WOMENS HISTORY Dec. 1, 1998, n.p. http://sks.sirs.com/cgi-bin/hst-article-display?id=S4450859-0-2858artno=0000264516type=ARTshfilter=Ukey=Gender%20roletitle=Nontraditional%20Jobsres=Yren=Ngov=Nlnk=Nic=N/ â€Å"Emile† Jean-Jacques Rousseau http://facstaff.uww.edu/johnsons/Rousseau.htm â€Å"Moral Reform† Wilma Mankiller, Gwendolyn Mink, Marysa NavarroRead MoreWhat Does Character Look Like?810 Words   |  4 Pagesthe desired look; consequently, ‘chemists, perfumers, beauty salons, drug stores†¦ and department store – began to establish a profit-making infrastructure for new notions of beauty† with a â€Å"dominant message, that every woman could achieve beauty† (Mankiller). Conformity to the beauty standard is how we’ve chosen to cope with the growing importance of appearance but, should our approach have been in the opposite direction: for instance eliminating the standard of beauty and letting meritorious qualificationsRead MoreQuestions On Women And Domestic Abuse1523 Words   |  7 Pagespeople who were in a domestic relationship with the victim (Howard and McCurley). In 1985, a surgeon named General Everett Koop showed that a larger majority of women are injured by abuse and battery than by accidents, rape and mugging combined (Mankiller and Wilma). Additionally, it’s more common that one might think. You most likely know someone who was in abuse relationship at one point. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1 out of every 4 women reported having been abused byRead MoreWhy Eugenics Is A Violation Of A Human s Rights1749 Words   |  7 Pagesexistence.† In the past century, humans have been experimenti ng and debating the use of eugenics, which is the science of improving the human race through controlled breeding in order to increase the occurrence of desirable, heritable characteristics (Mankiller). Although eugenics is supported by many, one could argue that eugenics is a violation of a human’s rights. In the United States Constitution, some of the human rights mentioned are the right to liberty and freedom, the right to live life free fromRead MoreA Timeline of Gendered Movements849 Words   |  3 Pagescapabilities rather than judging a person on account of his or her gender. Works cited: Kerber, Linda K. U.S. History As Womens History: New Feminist Essays, (Univ of North Carolina Press, 20.03.1995) Mink, Gwendolyn, Navarro, Marysa, Mankiller, Barbara Smith, Wilma, and Steinem Gloria, The Readers Companion to U.S. Womens History, (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 15.10.1999) Ruiz, Vicki, and DuBois, Ellen Carol, Unequal Sisters: A Multicultural Reader in U.S. Womens History, (Routledge, 2000) Read MoreMary B. Shelleys Frankenstein Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesBradley and etc, who often were adventurous with form and unafraid of vital women characters; these writers have been architects of new worlds with their own social structures, values, and language in the world of science, english, and culture (Mankiller). Furthermore, unlike creating a new life form like Victor had in the gothic novel Frankenstein, scientists now seek to make a better the human race by engineering or use of biotechnology on the basis of human functions and abilities: genes. LikewiseRead MoreNative American Cherokee Tribe : Native Americans916 Words   |  4 PagesButler in North Carolina† (Smithers, 2015). Many Indians from the Cherokee tribe ended up in Oklahoma, and some still live there today. Cherokees are led by war chiefs and peace chiefs. The first woman to be principle chief of the Cherokees was Wilma Mankiller. Sequoyah was a very intelligent man. He did not know how to read or write in other languages but he came up with the writing system for the Cherokees. Cherokee literary writing has its origins in defining locality. Like all Native American communitiesRead MoreEating Disorders: The Skinny on Skinny Essay1672 Words   |  7 Pageseating disorders. An incredible link is shown between disordered eating and social trauma. Problems such as bullying, sexual abuse, racism, pressure from ones family and the media they are exposed to can trigger an eating disorder within a person (Mankiller). People with a â€Å"history of being teased or ridiculed based on weight or size† are incredibly likely to develop an eating disorder (NEDA). â€Å"(Eating disorders) are more like a recipe, where several ingredients—genetics, personality type, hormonesRead MoreOn How the American Indians Were Removed from Their Land1586 Words   |  7 PagesRemoval† New GeorgiaEncyclopedia.org Gilderlehrman.org Garrison, Tim A. â€Å"Cherokee Removal.† New Georgia Encyclopedia. 12/09/13. Web. http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaelogy/cherokee-removal. 4/12/14. Mankiller, Wilma Pearl and Micheal Wallis. Mankiller: A Chief and Her People. New York: ST. Martins Press, 1999. Sussex County Technical High School Virtual Library: Trail of Tears. Web. htpp://librarysussex.tec.nj.us/trail_of_tears.htm â€Å"Indian Removal.† PBS.org: Africans

Oil & Gas Exploration - Production - and Distribution

Question: The Impact of the Oil and Gas Exploration/Production/Distribution on the Environment. As an environmental consultant, your role is to provide guidelines and information on issues related to the impact of the oil and gas exploration, production and distribution on the environment. Analyse and discuss how this kind of impact can be prevented, if not, minimised. Answer: Introduction Oil and gas exploration is the process of searching hydrocarbon production under the earths services, which are mainly known as petroleum products. This process has to be in existence for over a century to sustain the demand of petroleum products that are used in several tasks. Hydrocarbon exploration is categorised in the branch of petroleum geology, which is among the largest mining exploratory processes. Different oil and gas exploration methods are currently exercised in this particular field to ensure that the extraction of petroleum is successful. For any particular areas to be subjected to the exploration, various processes must be undertaken to prove that there are high levels of hydrocarbon deposits. Some of these processes include; magnetic survey, gravity survey and seismic reflection to check whether the sub-surface geology is in large amounts (Howard et al., 2014). Despite the numerous advantages of oils and gas exploration in the community, there are some negative impacts on the environment. Based on previous research work, the entire process of oil exploration, production and distribution have posed several dangers to the environment, thus causing water, air, and soil pollution. The community has been focusing more on the importance of petroleum production, thus forgetting to handle the negative impacts experienced. Some environmental organisations have developed interventions to deal with such issues, but these plans and methods have gained little support from the authorities (Mariano and La Rovere, 2007). Therefore, this paper will outline the negative effects of exploration, production, and distribution of oil and gas on the atmosphere, specifically of air pollution. Environmental impacts on air pollution During the exploration of the oil and gas exploration, some emissions reduce the quality of the air in the surrounding environment. These emissions are as a results dust produced from the vehicles moving around the place, earth movers used, seismic surveys, testing, and completion of the wells. There are also pollutants that are emitted into the space such as nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxide, particulates, carbon monoxide among other volatile organic compounds. Some of these compounds combine to create ground ozone such as the volatile organic compounds and the nitrogen oxides (Jean-Pierre and Favennec, 2011). Dangers are also posted by the distribution processes, which includes the piping leakages and spillages from trucks. Fire tragedies have been frequently observed as a result of these spillages, thus leading to the emission of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. In the petroleum production firms, the refining process of turning crude oil into petroleum products leads to the emission of toxins into the environment that is dangerous to the living things (TEEIC, 2014). The machines that are used in the exploration and production companies produces a lot of sounds that caused to noise pollution. People living in these areas are at risk of suffering from hearing problems because these sounds are unfriendly. Blasting, seismic activities, drilling, earth movers and traffic are among the sources of the noise. Carbon dioxide is produced in the process of burning gasoline, thus increasing the volume of greenhouse gases atmosphere, which increases the rate of global warming. The natural oil and gas processes lead to the emission of methane gas into the environment, due to incomplete combustion. Although, the rate of oil and gas combustion cannot be compared with coal, carbon dioxide, and methane gases are emitted in the processes. Based on environmental research works, methane contributes the highest percentage of air pollution in the society. Other hazardous air pollutants result from the oil and gas operation such as certain hydrocarbons and sulphide. Among these compounds, benzene is included, which is known as a human carcinogen. Benzene has been detected in several areas around natural gas production such as in Colorado and Texas, thus concluding that it is emitted in these particular processes (Kharaka and Dorsey, 2005). Formaldehyde is another hazardous pollutant that is emitted by compressors engines, and it has been perceived as a factor contributing to health issues, although there little studies that have correlated such pollutants with societal effects. Due to the air pollution resulted in air and oil operations, the neighbourhood residents have reported complaints from residents about cases such as dizziness, skin irritation, headaches, neurological and respiratory problems (Nasen, Noble, and Johnstone, 2011). The effects discussed above are the most experienced air pollution sourced from gas and oil operations. Ministries that are dealing with the exploration, production and distribution of oil and gases are working on projects that can reduce these negative effects in the society. Technology improvements in these operations are the only refuge, which can be used to lower the intensity of the effects perceived from these activities (Khan and Islam, 2007). Preventive measures for the impacts The operational processes of the oil and gas exploration, production and distribution activities should be reviewed to create more proactive and effective methods that are less harmful to the environment. Pollution prevention is a task that should be undertaken through a combination of efforts between the producers, government, and the private sector (Matanovic, Gaurina-Medimurec and Simon, 2013). Several methodologies can be used to reduce the effects of poisonous emissions to the atmosphere and noise pollution that disturbs the residents. Achieving a pollution-free environment, the society will be cleaner and eco-efficient (Exploration and Production, 2016). The atmospheric emissions have been reduced through the adoption of the latest and improved technologies that have been developed by engineering researchers (Xu et al., 2015). These technological developments have been conducted in search for better approaches to reducing the emissions, which will reduce the rate of air pollution from the oil and gas operations (E. Ite et al., 2013). Firstly, the technological improvements in the valve design and maintenance systems have reduced emissions fugitive contents. Also, improved design of the flare has raised the combustion efficiency, reducing the chance of harmful gases being emitted. The turbines gas have been made more efficient after consideration of their optimizations (Mariano and La Rovere, 2007). Other effective technologies have been generated to improve the power efficiency in the exploration, production and distribution processes. Some of these technologies are; compressor and pump optimisation, heat recovery for waste, electric power distribution, steam injection, and combined cycle generation among other technologies. Some of these improvements will help reduce noise pollution, which has been previously could by generators, compressors and explosions among others. For instance, if machines that are using fuel are replaced with those customised for electricity, the sound produced will be reduced. Technologies that are improving the efficiency of combustion are also being introduced into the industry. For instance, combustion of nitrogen oxides has been improved by the introduction of selective catalytic reduction technology and dry low NOx technology (Khan and Islam, 2007). The emission of carbon oxides into the atmosphere can also be prevented by employing some approaches into the storage and distribution of the petroleum products. For instance, cases of spillages on the piping systems should be reduced by creating an efficient maintenance system. Therefore, the probability of experiencing fire explosion caused by oil spillages in the pipes will be minimized. It is through the reduction of the fire tragedies when the amounts of carbon oxides emitted into the atmosphere will be reduced. Transportation of oil products by roads should be minimized, especially for long distance to reduce the cases of accidents that lead to explosions. It is the responsibility of all the government and the organisations dealing with oil and gas to ensure that they are operating under safe basis. Otherwise, these will be a lot of environmental effects that lead to discomfort for the residents and the world as a whole (Matanovic, Gaurina-Medimurec and Simon, 2013). Some of the effects such as global warming are long-term and without control, the side effects might outdo the benefits. More technological developments are required to solve the remaining of air pollution caused by oil and gas operations. Intentional emission of poisonous gas contents into the atmosphere should be condemned and violators judged under the law. Efficient technological approach The community has suffered a lot of negative effects caused by oil and gas operations. There are specific technological approaches that can be used to minimize the effects of petroleum exploration and its usage. The drilling technologies can be made efficient, thus reducing effects such as noise pollution to the society (E. Ite et al., 2013). Technological approaches can be developed to capture hazardous gases emitted from the process. Such of these technologies might include processes which mix these gases with other compounds to form useful of non-harmful substances. Currently, scientists have concentrated on creating cars, which do not depend on fuel to operate. Other sources of energy such as the sun and electricity have been the main focus for the scientists. It has not been clearly identified how the energy can be stored and made efficient for the vehicles. If such technological developments are created, the society will experience a cleaner environment, without pollution caused by emitted gases from motors that use petroleum. Technological methods of controlling and monitoring the oil and gas firms should be developed and implemented. Human beings will always make errors and there some mistakes that will always be assumed, but they cause a lot of effect to the environment. For instance, the setting of a valve might not be accurately configured, thus letting emission of large amounts of hazardous particles into space. In contrast, using a programmed software that has monitored certainty levels, it will be easy to identify errors in the configuration of the delicate sections (Bahadori, 2014). Emergencies will also identify effectively, thus enhancing the response speed and time. All these technological approaches will be economical, socially and environmentally effective. Monitoring scheme Projects and schemes that have been implemented need to be monitored and evaluated to be informed about the progress conditions. The stakeholders are responsible for generating the monitoring scheme, which is the government, investors in the oil and gas operations and the environmental protection association. For the case of the effective technological approaches, there should be monitoring schemes that evaluate every aspect. For instance, development of electric or solar cars can be monitored by the technological body that has implemented the idea, with the assistance of the respective governments. Secondly, installation of technological systems that controls the exploration, production and distribution processes will be monitored by the respective managements. A maintenance system should be created to reduce the chances of failures that may pose a great danger to the environment. In every technological approach created towards the air pollution led by oil and gas operations, an eff ective monitoring scheme should be developed to maintain the efficiency and effectiveness of the processes. Critical analysis of Refining, Marketing Retail Distribution The refining process of the stage when the crude oil is processed into usable products for the customer/consumers. These final products include jet oil, gasoline, heating oil, and diesel among others. The oil refining processes include several activities such as catalytic reforming, vacuum distillation, alkylation, hydrotreating, catalytic cracking, and isomerization. Natural gas is also processed through glycol hydration, amine treating, and compression processes. This method separates the mixtures of the compounds to form the required natural gases, which are then stored separately. Some of the gases that are formed from the petroleum include butane, ethane, isobutane, propane, and natural gasoline among others. Through the marketing channels, these petroleum products are marketed and purchased from the companies or distributed nearer to the customers. The main transportation channels include tanker, pipeline, rail, and truck. Pipelines are cost efficient and economical for long di stance although truck and rail are used such situations. Conclusion and Recommendations In conclusion, oil and gas operations should be performed safely to minimize negative effects on the environment. Individuals who are involved in the oil and gas business should understand the environmental impacts of all the operations so that they can develop solutions for the benefit of the community. Therefore, it will be profitable to implement the existing preventive measures as more research results are being generated to provide solutions to underlying problems. The technological approaches for reducing the negative effects discussed above should be implemented and monitored for maximum outcomes in the oil industry. The government should develop policies, which firmly protect the environment against industrial emissions. This approach will help control recklessness on the oil and gas operations. References Bahadori, A. (2014). Pollution control in oil, gas and chemical plants. Cham: Springer International Publishing. Ite, A., J. Ibok, U., U. Ite, M. and W. Petters, S. (2013). Petroleum Exploration and Production: Past and Present Environmental Issues in the Nigerias Niger Delta. ENV, 1(4), pp.78-90. Exploration and Production. (2016). Oil and Energy Trends, 41(2), pp.26-26. Howard, R., Wells, C., Michot, T. and Johnson, D. (2014). Effects of Disturbance Associated With Seismic Exploration for Oil and Gas Reserves in Coastal Marshes. Environmental Management, 54(1), pp.30-50. Jean-pierre favennec, N. and Favennec, J. (2011). OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION 3RD EDITION. Paris: Technip. Khan, M., and Islam, R. (2007). True sustainability in technological development and natural resource management. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Kharaka, Y. and Dorsey, N. (2005). Environmental issues of petroleum exploration and production: Introduction. Environ. Geosci. 12(2), pp.61-63. Mariano, J. and La Rovere, E. (2007). Oil and gas exploration and production activities in Brazil: The consideration of environmental issues in the bidding rounds promoted by the National Petroleum Agency. Energy Policy, 35(5), pp.2899-2911. Maslennikov, S. and Potapov, S. (2004). Gas-Distribution Stations and Means of Their Automation. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 40(3/4), pp.138-142. Matanovic, D., Gaurina-Medimurec, N. and Simon, K. (2013). Risk analysis for prevention of hazardous situations in petroleum and natural gas engineering. Pennsylvania: IGI Global. Nasen, L., Noble, B. and Johnstone, J. (2011). Environmental effects of oil and gas lease sites in a grassland ecosystem. Journal of Environmental Management, 92(1), pp.195-204. Natural Gas Production. (2013). Oil and Energy Trends, 38(8), pp.29-31. Natural Gas Production. (2014). Oil and Energy Trends, 39(1), pp.24-26. Shannon, P. (1993). Oil and gas in Ireland - exploration, production, and research. FB, 11(1272). TEEIC, (2014). Oil and Gas Exploration Impacts. [Online] Teeic.indianaffairs.gov. Available at: https://teeic.indianaffairs.gov/er/oilgas/impact/explore/index.htm [Accessed 17 Jul. 2016]. Xu, B., Bai, Y., Chen, G. and Feng, R. (2015). The impact of engineering parameters on shale oil and gas production: theory and practice. "Proceedings" of "Oil Gas Scientific Research Projects" Institute, SOCAR, (2), pp.24-31.

Watergate Essays (2241 words) - Watergate Scandal, John Dean

Watergate Sex, drugs, money, power, you name it and there is a scandal for it, but look back and you will see that from all the scandals there have been, Watergate was among the worst. The Watergate scandal had everything. From Nixon disgracing the presidency by lying to the country and abusing his power, to his committees being involved in illegal acts and a big cover up. All leading to little side roads of corruption and lies. Watergate is by far one of the worst presidential scandals in the history of the United States. In the story of Watergate, five burglars were found breaking into democratic offices at the Watergate complex in Washington DC. The break-in was passed off as just another burglary, but when the burglars were found to have connections with the CIA, questions were starting to be asked. Then when the phone number of Howard Hunt was found in one of the burglars phone books, it made people think, "Why would one of the burglars have the phone number of one of the presidents men?" Then there is Richard Nixon, the man of the hour, plays the role of the president of the United States of America. The man that was voted into office by the people, and the man that swore to serve the people. When Watergate was uncovered, it revealed that the president was a liar and a cheat. The president lied to our country, lied about his involvement, concealed self incriminating evidence, abused his power, and planed to have the CIA stop the FBI investigations. He was also deeply involved with the cover up and still lied about his involvement. During the times of the unraveling of Watergate, questions were asked about connections with the White House and the president, but when the president was asked about it at a press conference he assured Americans that "The White House has no involvement whatever in this particular incident." He was lying to the country like it was part of his job (Dorman 158). The lying did not end there, it went on and on for months, and as the scandal kept unraveling, "President Nixon and White House, and creep officials were deliberately misleading the public about the significance of the Watergate affair" (158). As Watergate was becoming a front-page article in the newspapers, new evidence was being uncovered. One piece of evidence that changed the peoples ideas of our president was the tapping of every conversation in the oval office "since about the 18th month of president Nixon's term" (Kutler 368). Those tapes would soon prove that the president was deeply involved in the scandal. During the trials, "the Nixon administration claimed that the March 21st, 1973 meeting was the first Nixon had heard of the cover-ups", but after the tapes were heard it was discovered that Nixon was involved from the beginning (Heritage 36). The Nixon tapes brought out much controversy. The tapes alone could prove the president innocent or guilty, whichever one it was, Nixon refused to hand over the tapes. the courts then demanded the tapes, and Nixon still would not give them up. After much struggle Nixon agreed to give a transcript of the tapes. The transcripts brought to light a significant amount of evidence against Nixon. The transcripts revealed payoffs, affiliation with the burglaries, and the OK's to the cover-up, But most important "the transcripts showed that Nixon had lied repeatedly after he had denied knowing anything about the conspiracy" (27). After much struggle, the courts finally got the tapes from Nixon, It was Archibald Cox that issued the subpoena for the tapes, and that started the bloodbath we now know as the Saturday night massacre. "The night of October 20,1973, possibly the most tumultuous in American political history, when the special Watergate prosecutor and the nations two top law officers lost their jobs within the space of an hour and a half." (Heritage 38). Soon the country would find a new problem with the tapes. "When the presidents lawyers were going over the tapes, they came along an 18 minute gap during a conversation with Nixon and Haldman" (34). Three weeks later, the gap was discovered, Rosemary Woods (Nixon's secretary) testified that while transcribing the tape, she had accidentally erased perhaps five minutes when interrupted by a phone call, she said she had pressed the ?Record' button instead of the ?Stop' button and then kept her foot on the machines control pedal while speaking into the phone. (34) "Not everyone accepted this explanation; The maneuver would have been difficult